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Data Analysis and Clasification from the Brain Activity Detector
Jileček, Jan ; Černocký, Jan (referee) ; Szőke, Igor (advisor)
This thesis aims to implement methods for recording EEG data obtained with the neural activity sensor OpenBCI Ultracortex IV headset. It also describes neurofeedback, methods of obtaining data from the motor cortex for further analysis and takes a look at the machine learning algorithms best suited for the presented problem. Multiple training and testing datasets are created, as well as a tool for recording the brain activity of a headset-wearing test subject, which is being visually presented with cognitive challenges on the screen in front of him. A neurofeedback demo app has been developed, presented and later used for calibration of new test subjects. Next part is data analysis, which aims to discriminate the left and right hand movement intention signatures in the brain motor cortex. Multiple classification methods are used and their utility reviewed.
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Delineating pain and fear engrams in the prefrontal cortex
Ludínová, Kristýna ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate: Kristýna Ludínova Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. External supervisors: Dr. Manfred Oswald, Prof. Dr. Rohini Kuner Title of diploma thesis: Delineating Pain and Fear Engrams in the Prefrontal Cortex Pain is a complex process associated with activation of various brain centres. According to evidence of imaging studies in humans and rodents the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ranks amongst the brain area consistently activated during painful perception. The mPFC circuits underlies functionally-distinct processes, such as pain, emotional response, decision-making, attention amongst others. However, the precise contribution of mPFC in pain related function remains to be unknown. The aim of the study was to delineate how pain and fear are manifested at the cellular level within the regions of PFC. By employing activity dependent neuronal labelling we tested if cellular ensembles activated in pain and fear behaviours within the mPFC are distinct. We investigated a potential use of activity-dependent DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) expression in order to test for the functional role of PFC ensembles in pain and fear behaviour. Our...
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Gene expression pattern in the adult brain of the experimental rat after prenatal exposure to methamphetamine
Tomášková, Anežka ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Rudá, Jana (referee)
Introduction: Methamphetamine is a drug frequently taken by drug-addicted pregnant women and happens to be one of the most commonly used drugs in the Czech Republic. This drug passes easily through a placental barrier into the fetus. Thus it can negatively affect not only the mother but also the prenatal development of her offspring. Objectives: This research aims to provide a general screening of gene expression in selected regions of the F1 generation of the brain prenatally affected by methamphetamine, to verify whether exposure to methamphetamine affects the generation of offspring of exposed females at the level of gene expression in selected regions of the brain, and to valuate possible changes in gene expression. Methods: In selected parts of the brain, collected from a rat, the microarray hybridization and the real-time PCR were set to evaluate express changes in the expression of selected genes. Results: Statistical analysis of the microarray hybridization did not show a significantly altered gene expression in the tested genes. Only boundary values for 13 genes were measured, which were further tested by the real-time PCR. After a statistic evaluation of the real-time PCR, the significantly altered expression was found in 2 genes. The notably changed expression of DRD3 and TACR3 genes...
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Gene expression of specific parts of CNS in a rat model for transgenerational transmission of drug addiction.
Radilová, Kateřina ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Rothová, Olga (referee)
Methamphetamine (MA) is a drug often abused by drug-addicted women and also is the mostly used drug in the Czech Republic. This drug crosses the placental and hematoencephalic barriers easily and therefore it can negatively affect not just mother herself, but also the development of the fetus. Even though there have been several published studies evincive negative effects of MA to posterity of drug-addicted mothers, the most critical term during pregnancy for the fetus remains unknown. In this study are examined CNS structures, which are directly influenced by methamphetamine action. Their function may lead to drug addiction through pleasurable feelings, such as reward feeling evoking. In the next chapter are analysed neurotransmitters and their transporters, which are related to methamphetamine effects. Studying their structure, localization or development during life may help to bring near the drug functioning in different life periods. Methamphetamine itself and its effects are closer described in the last part of this study. The problem of methamphetamine exposed fetus is outlined there - prenatal and postnatal so far known differences, but also sex differences in methamphetamine pharma- cokinetics.
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Data Analysis and Clasification from the Brain Activity Detector
Jileček, Jan ; Černocký, Jan (referee) ; Szőke, Igor (advisor)
This thesis aims to implement methods for recording EEG data obtained with the neural activity sensor OpenBCI Ultracortex IV headset. It also describes neurofeedback, methods of obtaining data from the motor cortex for further analysis and takes a look at the machine learning algorithms best suited for the presented problem. Multiple training and testing datasets are created, as well as a tool for recording the brain activity of a headset-wearing test subject, which is being visually presented with cognitive challenges on the screen in front of him. A neurofeedback demo app has been developed, presented and later used for calibration of new test subjects. Next part is data analysis, which aims to discriminate the left and right hand movement intention signatures in the brain motor cortex. Multiple classification methods are used and their utility reviewed.
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Delineating pain and fear engrams in the prefrontal cortex
Ludínová, Kristýna ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate: Kristýna Ludínova Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. External supervisors: Dr. Manfred Oswald, Prof. Dr. Rohini Kuner Title of diploma thesis: Delineating Pain and Fear Engrams in the Prefrontal Cortex Pain is a complex process associated with activation of various brain centres. According to evidence of imaging studies in humans and rodents the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ranks amongst the brain area consistently activated during painful perception. The mPFC circuits underlies functionally-distinct processes, such as pain, emotional response, decision-making, attention amongst others. However, the precise contribution of mPFC in pain related function remains to be unknown. The aim of the study was to delineate how pain and fear are manifested at the cellular level within the regions of PFC. By employing activity dependent neuronal labelling we tested if cellular ensembles activated in pain and fear behaviours within the mPFC are distinct. We investigated a potential use of activity-dependent DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) expression in order to test for the functional role of PFC ensembles in pain and fear behaviour. Our...
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Delineating pain and fear engrams in the prefrontal cortex
Ludínová, Kristýna ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate: Kristýna Ludínova Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. External supervisors: Dr. Manfred Oswald, Prof. Dr. Rohini Kuner Title of diploma thesis: Delineating Pain and Fear Engrams in the Prefrontal Cortex Pain is a complex process associated with activation of various brain centres. According to evidence of imaging studies in humans and rodents the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ranks amongst the brain area consistently activated during painful perception. The mPFC circuits underlies functionally-distinct processes, such as pain, emotional response, decision-making, attention amongst others. However, the precise contribution of mPFC in pain related function remains to be unknown. The aim of the study was to delineate how pain and fear are manifested at the cellular level within the regions of PFC. By employing activity dependent neuronal labelling we tested if cellular ensembles activated in pain and fear behaviours within the mPFC are distinct. We investigated a potential use of activity-dependent DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) expression in order to test for the functional role of PFC ensembles in pain and fear behaviour. Our...
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Disruption of hippocampal-prefrontal connection in animal models of schizophrenia
Černotová, Daniela ; Svoboda, Jan (advisor) ; Moravcová, Simona (referee)
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous mental disease that afflicts about 1% of population with no treatment available that would ameliorate all of its symptoms. The key structures affected in schizophrenia are the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. This work focuses on the interplay between these structures and on the monosynaptic hippocampal-prefrontal connection, the abnormal neural activity of which is the main cause of cognitive, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. This work summarizes existing findings about both normal and impaired function of the hippocampal-prefrontal connection and provides an overview of animal models frequently used in research. Key words: hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, schizophrenia, interneuron, animal model
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Gene expression pattern in the adult brain of the experimental rat after prenatal exposure to methamphetamine
Tomášková, Anežka ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Rudá, Jana (referee)
Introduction: Methamphetamine is a drug frequently taken by drug-addicted pregnant women and happens to be one of the most commonly used drugs in the Czech Republic. This drug passes easily through a placental barrier into the fetus. Thus it can negatively affect not only the mother but also the prenatal development of her offspring. Objectives: This research aims to provide a general screening of gene expression in selected regions of the F1 generation of the brain prenatally affected by methamphetamine, to verify whether exposure to methamphetamine affects the generation of offspring of exposed females at the level of gene expression in selected regions of the brain, and to valuate possible changes in gene expression. Methods: In selected parts of the brain, collected from a rat, the microarray hybridization and the real-time PCR were set to evaluate express changes in the expression of selected genes. Results: Statistical analysis of the microarray hybridization did not show a significantly altered gene expression in the tested genes. Only boundary values for 13 genes were measured, which were further tested by the real-time PCR. After a statistic evaluation of the real-time PCR, the significantly altered expression was found in 2 genes. The notably changed expression of DRD3 and TACR3 genes...
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Prenatal exposure to methamphetamine and its effect on the gene expression in the selected parts of the brains of experimental rats
Tomášková, Anežka ; Zoubková, Hana (advisor) ; Rudá, Jana (referee)
Introduction: Methamphetamine is a drug frequently abused by drug-addicted pregnant women and also one of the mostcommonly used drugs in the CzechRepublic. This drug passes easily through a placental barrier into the fetus. Thus it can negatively affect not only the mother but also the prenatal development of her offspring. Objectives: In the framework of the grant project GA CR: 14-03708S, the long-term effects of prenatal exposure to methamphetamine were detected. It was determined whether the prenatal methamphetamine exposure affects the generation of offspring of exposed females at the level of gene expression of genes in specific regions of the brain, striatum, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Methods: In the selected parts of the brain, which were removed from the rat, the microarray hybridization and the real-time PCR to express changes in expression of selected genes were performed. Results: Statistical analysis of microarray hybridization did not show the significantly altered gene expression in tested genes significantly. Only boundary values for 13 genes were measured, which were further tested by real-time PCR.After a statistic evaluation of real-time PCR, the significantly altered expression was found in 2 genes. The significantly changed expression of DRD3 and TACR3 genes was found...
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